LCCC ENGLISH DAILY NEWS BULLETIN
ِJuly 03/2011

Bible Quotation for today
James 5/19–20: "My brothers, if anyone among you wanders from the truth and someone brings him back, let him know that whoever brings back a sinner from his wandering will save his soul from death and will cover a multitude of sins" James is speaking to Christians when he says "my brothers." This verse makes it plain that sometimes believers stumble and get off track. The Bible says in Hebrews 3:12-13 that we ought to encourage our brothers and sisters in Christ daily so that no one turns away from the living God. If you see a fellow Christian backsliding, or drifting away from the Lord, make every effort to reach out a hand of fellowship. And stay on the alert yourself. Each and every one of us is capable of wandering from the truth. /Naharnet
 

Latest analysis, editorials, studies, reports, letters & Releases from miscellaneous sources
Sayyed Hassan Nasrallah Speech of Saturday/July 2, 2011 /Now Lebanon
Too busy for a war/By: Ana Maria Luca and Nadine Elali/July 02/11

Latest News Reports From Miscellaneous Sources for July 02/11
Israeli Reports: Maher Assad, Assef Shawkat Suspects in Hariri Assassination/Naharnet
Hizbullah Rules Out Arrests in 'Void' U.N. Hariri Case/Naharnet
Iran Speaker Rejects Hariri Tribunal as 'Political'/Naharnet
Raad: Indictment Did Not Cause Explosion Other Camp Had Hoped for/ Naharnet
Hariri Thanks Ban for Supporting STL/Naharnt
Kuwait Ends Bahrain Naval Mission/Naharnet
Israel, Greece, Turkey join hands to stall Gaza flotilla. Palestinian UN move next/DEBKAfile
Justice and stability not mutually exclusive: Clinton/The Daily Star
Clinton demands urgent reforms as Syrian forces kill protesters/The Guardian
Syria Sends Tanks to Border Area Near Turkey, Holds Hundreds/SFC
Clinton slams Syria, Belarus at democracy meet/AFP
In Syria, Two Different Flavors Of Street Protests/NPR
In Syria, Protests and Disorder Grow/WSJ
Analysis: Hezbollah poised to ride out indictments/San Francisco Chronicle
Syria rulers 'almost out of time'/BBC
For Lebanon, the truth is a poisoned chalice/The National
Hundreds march in Tripoli to support Syria rallies/The Daily Star
Future bloc rules out confidence vote for Cabinet/The Daily Star
Excerpts from the Mikati government's policy statement/The Daily Star
Patriarch Rai: Don't call Christians minorities/The Daily Star
UN, US pressure Lebanon to make arrest over Hariri assassination/The National
Lebanon's Arabic press digest - July 2, 2011/ /The Daily Star
Abboud hopes tourism stays immune to tension /The Daily Star
Arslan Hands Written Resignation, Suleiman and Miqati to Discuss it Monday/Naharnet
Miqati: Maintaining Lebanon’s Stability and Unity Will Be Govt.’s Priority/Naharnet
March 14 to Announce Road Map for Indictment Aftermath on Sunday/Naharnet


Sayyed Hassan Nasrallah Speech of Saturday
July 2, 2011 /Now Lebanon
Hezbollah Secretary General Sayyed Hassan Nasrallah delivered a speech on July 2 to address the Special Tribunal for Lebanon indictment and the four arrest warrants presented to Attorney General Judge Said Mirza in the case of former Prime Minister Rafik Hariri’s 2005 murder.
Hezbollah chief Sayyed Hassan Nasrallah:
“In the name of God, the holy, the merciful. Peace and mercy be upon all of you. The nature of the latest events compelled us to hold a press conference, however, my [speech] will replace the press conference. We will be displaying videos throughout the address. I will not be repeating what I have already stated, yet we need to talk about new issues. Of course, the reason for the address is the occasion of what it is said to be the release of the indictment [of the Special Tribunal for Lebanon (STL)] that has named brothers in the Resistance.
This is the result of a process, which is becoming clearer and clearer after Israel’s defeat in the 2006 July War and also after the French newspaper Le Figaro reported in August, 2006 that the STL is moving toward indicting Hezbollah members. We assumed at the time that the tribunal was being used as a [retaliation] tool after the Resistance triumphed against Israel. We were clear in the past that we cannot disregard the STL because it is the result of a UN Security Council resolution and it has a purpose that it wants to accomplish.
You remember, we spoke about [the attempts] to distort the image of the Resistance and to incite a strife between the Sunnis and Shia in Lebanon. The timing of the STL indictment release has also a goal of its own that we will tackle it throughout the address.
The first thing we will talk about is the international commission investigating [of the 2005 murder of Rafik Hariri]. The second point will be the tribunal, which is headed by [Judge Antonio] Cassese, and who we are being told to deal with. The third issue [I] will be talking about is our position vis-a-vis the indictment of the court.
Firstly, concerning the investigation: The investigation is supposed to find the truth and uncover it. At first, [the investigation] intended [to target] Syria and its officials, then it moved toward [involving] Hezbollah in the murder. We mentioned the possibility of having Israel involved in the murder and the fact that [Israeli] agents were present at the murder scene one day before the murder. Question: Did [STL Prosecutor Daniel] Bellemare take into account the evidence we had spoken about? No one in the STL even asked the Israelis anything. This is normal, why? Because the tribunal, since its formation, had a precise goal and no one was allowed to talk to the Israelis. It is not Hezbollah’s job to conduct a full investigation and submit its results to the STL. Nonetheless, this [is pointless] because the probe is politicized. Instead of investigating the Israelis, [the STL] gathered information from them. Imagine that Israel, instead of being under investigation, it has become a source of information and [the tribunal] is cooperating with.
The people know that when Daniel Bellemare was appointed as the tribunal’s prosecutor and after the cancelling of the internal commission investigating the probe, employees were transported and taken out of Beirut. There are 97 computers that belonged to the internal commission investigating the probe which were transported through the Naqoura border crossing and taken [to Israel]. The question is: why does Bellemare want to take these computers from Lebanon through Israel? Why didn’t they ship them out of the Beirut port? Can Mr. Bellemare answer this question? We will show you a document that proves the computers were transported from South Lebanon to Israel.
Fourth, if this was a just probe, the investigators and experts would not be against the Resistance and they would not have ties with US Intelligence. One of Bellemare’s assistants is a Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) operative. All of Bellemare’s officers are not neutral and are not seeking the truth.
[A video footage shows information about STL investigators: Najib Nick Keldas, of Australian descent, is shown as having ties to the CIA.
Second, Michael Taylor, third Darell Mandeze, a former Marines officer - from the US – is also presented as having tight relations with the CIA and the FBI.
Also, Doureid Bcherawi, a Lebanese - French citizen, is the first one who accused Syria of murdering Hariri without possessing any piece of evidence.
Additionally, Robert Bear, American, former CIA officer who still has ties to the agency and who worked in Lebanon for years to track down [slain Hezbollah officer] Imad Mughniyeh.]
In addition to the probe’s lack of credibility, the investigators were corrupt, and justice cannot be served. We would like to talk about an example: Commissioner Gerhard Lehmann, [Former Commissioner of the United Nations International Independent Investigation Commission into the assassination of former PM Rafik Hariri] Detlev Mehlis’s assistant, sold information related to the investigation and was corrupt.
[VIDEO FOOTAGE: Lehmann has ties to the Israelis and got paid in return for selling certain reports pertaining to the murder probe.]
Also, the investigation commission was linked to the witnesses who gave unreliable testimonies to the commission. Moreover, Bellemare personally worked and followed up on the mission to lift the international warrant against [the Syrian agent who allegedly misled a UN probe into the 2005 assassination of Rafik Hariri] Mohammad Zouhair al-Siddiq, because [the investigators] were involved in it.
This investigation was not secret, everything was leaked in newspapers. Is there any credibility left? There are leaks made by the STL’s investigative committee [to the international community] in order to distort the image of the Resistance. Where is the secrecy of the investigation? The worst thing happened a few days ago, when the STL delegation of investigators met with [Attorney General Judge] Said Mirza to deliver the indictment and at the same time, the names of the indicted people were being broadcast through media outlets. Did Bellemare investigate the way the names were leaked? I would assume not.
The second main point I would like to talk about is how the indictment is being politically employed. I think the STL indictment was released at this point in time in an attempt to obstruct the parliament in granting its vote of confidence to the newly-formed Lebanese cabinet. There is an aim to bring down the new cabinet. Furthermore [the March 14 parties] want to use the indictment as a weapon in their campaign against the cabinet of Najib Mikati.
A lot of rules and procedures used in the STL’s [investigative process] are very suspicious. There is no justice in the prosecutor’s office. Were the four Lebanese generals - who were detained for four years on suspicion of involvement with the [Rafik Hariri] murder – ever compensated for being detained?
Let us now see who [STL President Judge] Antonio Cassese really is. He is a friend of the Israelis.
[VIDEO FOOTAGE: Antonio Cassese, the current STL president, a close friend of Israel. During the 2010 Herzliya Conference [Israel’s primary global policy annual gathering], Cassese was described as a “friend of Israel who was not able to attend the meeting.”]
To the Lebanese people, who are hearing reports that there might be strife or war in Lebanon, I would like to say that there will not be conflict between the Lebanese, especially between the Sunnis and the Shia. Rest assured, nothing has happened or will happen, unless a third party will interfere seeking to spark a conflict. We are supposed to preserve [peace in] the country and prevent the STL and its indictment from reaching its goals [i.e. to spark a conflict]. Therefore, no need to worry.
I would like to tell the March 14 parties that you have the right to form an opposition…. but I have two pieces of advice for you. The first is to not hold the cabinet of Prime Minister Najib Mikati responsible for not being able to carry out the arrest warrants [of the STL’s prosecutor’s office]. Even if the cabinet was backed by March 14, it will not be able to carry out the warrants and arrest the indicted people. I don’t think that they will be able to arrest; not in 30 days… not in 300 years.
Second piece of advice for March 14: Do not ask PM Mikati to give up his goals in order to remain in power, just like [ former PM] Saad Hariri did.
Finally, I want to tell the supporters of the Resistance to not be worried; this is part of a war we are fighting since the establishment of the Zionist entity. For us, this war is not surprising and it does not affect us. We have been ready since the 1980s. We have to handle it as if it were something normal, they will not get to us. There will not be any problem, we will fight this bravely and firmly.
I also want to tell our supporters that there are some, including certain Lebanese figures, who want to provoke you. Some people are dreaming of it, especially some March 14 Christians. [Our supporters] might be provoked, but do not give course to these provocations, we must be patient and disregard incitements.
To sum up, this investigation and this tribunal were established to serve a political goal, the STL. Its rules and its president were selected to serve the same goal. This tribunal is American and Israeli, we reject it and everything issued by it. We consider it an act of aggression against us and we will not let it get to us and we will not allow it to incite strife in Lebanon.
If we act reasonably and wisely, I think we can overcome this incident. The expectations of the Israelis will not be met, the Resistance is firm and strong. Do not worry about [the Resistance]. Peace and mercy be upon you all.”


Hizbullah Rules Out Arrests in 'Void' U.N. Hariri Case

Naharnet /Hizbullah Secretary General Sayyed Hassan Nasrallah on Saturday ruled out the arrest of four members of his party indicted by the Special Tribunal for Lebanon for the 2005 assassination of Lebanese former premier Rafik Hariri.In his first reaction to the charges by the STL, Nasrallah also rejected "each and every void accusation" made by the Netherlands-based court, which he said was heading for a trial in absentia. "We reject the Special Tribunal for Lebanon along with each and every void accusation it issues, which to us is equivalent to an attack on Hizbullah," Nasrallah said in an hour-long televised speech. "No Lebanese government will be able to carry out any arrests whether in 30 days, 30 years or even 300 years," said the Shiite leader whose group dominates the current government. "What will happen is a trial in absentia, a trial in which the verdict has already been reached,” he declared.
The STL on Thursday handed Lebanon's Prosecutor General Saeed Mirza arrest warrants for four members of the Iranian- and Syrian-backed group in connection with the February 14, 2005 bombing that killed Hariri and 22 others in Beirut.The whereabouts of the four remain unknown.

Israeli Reports: Maher Assad, Assef Shawkat Suspects in Hariri Assassination

Naharnet /Yediot Ahronot Israeli newspaper reported on Saturday that the international investigation committee in the 2005 assassination of ex-Premiere Rafik Hariri will “introduce a new list of accusations against Syrian security officials.”The reports said that handing the names of the accused to Damascus has been “postponed due to the Syrian unrest.”
“According to estimations, two members from President Bashar Assad’s family will be on the list, his brother Maher Assad and his brother-in-law Assef Shawkat,” they said.
The newspaper added that the “Lebanese suspects, Mustafa Badreddine and Salim Ayyash, left Lebanon and are currently hiding in Iran.”
Arrest warrants against four Lebanese suspects accompanied the release of the in the Special Tribunal for Lebanon, which was released on Thursday.
The four individuals are likely Hizbullah members. Meanwhile, Der Spiegel German magazine leaked that “new indictments in the STL will include Lebanese, Syrian, and Palestinian suspects.” On a related note, security sources told the Israeli newspaper Haaretz that the Israeli army ruled out any military escalation along the Lebanese border after the release of the indictment. “The military is monitoring the situation in Lebanon and it is on full alert, but it doesn’t expect that it (the indictment) would have a direct affect on the situation along the border,” the sources said. Yediot Ahronot noted that “Hizbullah has no interest in heating up the situation in Lebanon or at the border with Israel. It is currently worried about the situation in Syria and the president (Assad) who is becoming weaker.”

Raad: Indictment Did Not Cause Explosion Other Camp Had Hoped for

Naharnet /The head of the Loyalty to the Resistance bloc MP Mohammed Raad linked on Saturday the release of the indictment in the investigation into the assassination of former Prime Minister Rafik Hariri to the formation of the new government. “They were surprised with the cabinet lineup and they consequently had not choice but to release the indictment,” he said during an academic gathering. “The indictment however failed to cause the explosion they wanted and no one paid it any attention,” he declared. Raad stated: “The upcoming phase requires us to turn a deaf ear to the statements that will be issued from some Lebanese simpletons from the other camp and ignore their provocations.”
“We are concerned with prolonging the life of the Miqati government until the 2013 parliamentary elections,” he announced.“The other camp will be helpless to stop our mission as no one will be able to thwart it,” he stressed.

March 14 to Announce Road Map for Indictment Aftermath on Sunday

Naharnet /The March 14-led opposition is preparing for a broad meeting at the Bristol Hotel on Sunday that is expected to issue a “major announcement,” An Nahar newspaper reported on Saturday. The Bristol gathering will include around 300 officials affiliated with the March 14 forces, while the opposition will set on Saturday the broad lines for the meeting.
Meanwhile, March 14 bloc MPs will convene on Monday to issue a statement announcing their stance from the new cabinet.
Informed sources told al-Liwaa newspaper in remarks published on Saturday that the Bristol meeting will hold an escalatory tone although it aims to draft the road map for the stage after the release of the indictment. Sources noted that a strong campaign against Prime Minister Najib Miqati will be launched in order to force him to resign similar to Hizbullah chief Sayyed Hassan Nasrallah’s campaign to thwart the Special Tribunal for Lebanon. The Mustaqbal parliamentary bloc meanwhile said on Friday that the accusations issued by the STL indictment in the 2005 murder of ex-premier Rafik Hariri will target the accused individuals and not their sects or parties. “The policy statement is a trap for Lebanon to put it in a confrontation with the international community,” it said.The bloc announced that it will therefore withhold its vote of confidence from the cabinet.

Too busy for a war

Ana Maria Luca and Nadine Elali,
July 2, 2011/Now Lebanon
“Syria and Iran support Hezbollah with weapons and money. The people here fear the Resistance’s fate if the Syrian regime falls,” Hassan, a 20-year-old engineering student, told NOW Lebanon. “The Syrian opposition said ‘no’ to Hezbollah, but Hezbollah is not responsible for the Syrian regime’s mistakes,” he added.
For the people in the southern Lebanese town of Nabatieh, if the Syrian regime falls, Hezbollah also falls. But they say they are not alarmed by the recent reports in the local and Western media about the Party of God being pressured into waging a war against Israel in order to divert international attention from the embattled regime in Damascus.
“There has been a little tension, due to the Israeli national drills last week, the planes flying over Lebanon. But I don’t think Hezbollah wants a war with Israel right now,” a local journalist told NOW Lebanon on the condition of anonymity. She said that with the Special Tribunal for Lebanon indictment issued and the revelation of CIA spies within the party, Hezbollah is not thinking of getting involved in a war against the Jewish State.
“The Syrians might want this to happen, but Iran doesn’t seem interested in a war with Israel right now. The Syrians might be pulling the strings on [Hezbollah’s] internal political moves in Lebanon, but when it comes to a decision of war with Israel, they can’t overpass the Iranians,” she said, pointing out that the Iranian ambassador to Lebanon recently visited Fatima Gate, the former border passage between Lebanon and Israel. “That was a clear message that without their consent, nothing can happen on this front.”
However, support for Bashar al-Assad’s regime in Syria is visible on the streets of southern Lebanese villages. Kafar Tibnit, a few kilometers from Nabatieh, has two pro-Assad monuments. “This is the old one,” said Ali, a 20-year-old business student. “The new one is what you want to see. They just inaugurated it on Sunday.”
The new monument further up the hill was erected in commemoration of former Syrian President Hafez al-Assad’s death in 2000 and is made up of a plaque telling visitors they’re on the new “Hafez al-Assad Avenue” in Kafar Tibnit; portraits of the late Syrian president and his son, Bashar; as well as a banner reading “The Baath Party will always rule Syria, and the Resistance, Palestine and Iraq will always support it.” According to the local press, Hezbollah MP Mohammad Raad, as well as former Baath Party MP Fayez Choukour and Amal MP Hani Kobeissy, were present at Sunday’s event.
But there are some signs that the uprising in Syria is shifting things for Hezbollah. French newspaper Le Figaro reported last week that Hezbollah was transferring the weapons it has stored in Syria over fears the Assad regime would fall. The Israeli army announced that it deployed an Iron Dome rocket interceptor near the major northern city of Haifa on Tuesday highlighting its possible use in any future hostilities with Lebanese guerillas.
Hezbollah’s leader, Sayyed Hassan Nasrallah, did not refer to any war in his latest speech. He only spoke about three CIA agents infiltrating Hezbollah’s ranks. “None of those accused is a high-ranking official or a religious figure, as some rumors said. None of them is part of my entourage. None of them has information that may harm the Resistance because they were not in positions that would help them obtain such information,” Nasrallah said in his speech.
But the local journalist in Nabatieh says that the presence of the CIA spies has made it very risky for the Resistance to engage in a war with Israel. “Their positions, their bases are at risk now. It will cost them a lot to cancel their plans, to move their weapons. Not just the ones from Syria, but also the ones within Lebanon. No matter what they say, some of these spies might have acquired sensitive information.”
However, people in town do talk about war, Ali said. “We fear that if Assad falls, the new regime is going to be against Hezbollah, maybe even against the Shia community. There are rumors that some Hezbollah fighters died in Syria and were brought to Lebanon at the beginning of June and buried in secret.”
His friend, Hassan, shook his head in disagreement and said that most Hezbollah supporters are confused, just like him. “To be frank, I think Lebanon is afraid of Syria no matter who is in charge in Damascus. People here see what happens in Syria as a conspiracy against the Resistance, and the Assad regime was smart enough to play on that and made Hezbollah its shield in Lebanon. Assad is playing his cards here,” he said. “But why would Hezbollah, who right now controls the Lebanese government, risk a war? It would make them fail politically.”




















 

Israel, Greece, Turkey join hands to stall Gaza flotilla. Palestinian UN move next
DEBKAfile Exclusive Report /July 2, 2011,
The 350 activists left of the 1,500 activists originally planning to sail nine boats against Israel's naval blockade on Gaza – among them Hamas leader Khaled Meshaal's son-in-law Hamoud Tareq - never imagined their expedition would be stopped in Greece and Turkey even before they set sail.They certainly did not mean to have their Freedom Flotilla II served up as the founding step of the nascent pro-US Israel-Greek-Turkish alliance. Indeed, one of its organizers' objectives had been to sabotage the tight strategic ties between Israel and Greece.
The organizers discovered their mistake Friday, July 1, when fast Greek coastguard commando boats
escorted the American "Audacity of Hope" back to port and Athens said it will stop all other vessels departing for Gaza – even if they are Greek-owned.
So how come that Greek Prime Minister George Papandreou and his security agencies found time to deal with the flotilla at a time that his government is fighting for its life against hundreds of thousands of furious protesters lashing out against the harsh austerity measures he has imposed in his battle for an economic lifeline?
The Papandreou government did not act alone. The Turkish Prime Minister Tayyip Erdogan quietly held back the Mavi Marmara, the Turkish vessel which led the first pro-Palestinian flotilla last year, from taking part in Flotilla II. His security agency, the MIT, also warned the Turkish Islamic IHH not to take part in the expedition -even aboard vessels sailing from ports outside the country. Flotilla vessels were mysteriously sabotaged in Greek and Turkish ports.
This well-coordinated plan of action arose out of two major regional developments reported here by debkafile:
1. The bond of understanding gaining strength since May between two men, US President Barack Obama and the Turkish prime minister Erdogan. It has begun to be translated into joint strategic action here and there in the Arab world and Middle East, from Libya to Syria and up to the Persian Gulf oil kingdom of Bahrain. Obama has awarded Erdogan the prize he has long coveted as broker of the Israel-Palestinian dispute, by means of which the US president has tried to maneuver Ankara into patching up its quarrel with Jerusalem and restoring the decades-long military ties which broke down over the nine Mavi Marmara deaths last year.
This gambit is still nascent. Major outstanding issues still cloud the relationship, debkafile's sources stress, such as Turkey's close economic and intelligence collaboration with Iran, Erdogan's ambition to lead the Arab and Muslim worlds and the degree to which Israel can join Turkish policies that are inimical to its own.
Urged by Obama, Erdogan has already taken a major step towards Israel by drawing the fire of the second pro-Hamas flotilla this year.
2. Ankara's anti-Israeli steps in the past year and the Erdogan government's entente with the Iranian government and President Ahmad Ahmadinejad – and consequent paring down of the US-Israel military presence in Turkey – led Israel to strengthen its political and military ties with Greece and former Soviet nations on the shores of the Black Sea. Today, the Israeli Air Force is permitted to operate out of bases in Greece, Bulgaria and Romania; Israel is quietly helping Athens ease its economic ills through connections in the world of international finance.
The Obama administration aims to co-opt Greece to the framework of strategic understandings evolving between Washington, Ankara and Jerusalem. The Papandreou government's clampdown on Freedom Flotilla II was the first overt action by Athens in support of the alliance taking shape in the eastern Mediterranean.
Unlike Hamas and its left-leaning Western organizers of the second flotilla, Palestinian Authority Chairman Mahmoud Abbas quickly caught on to the new world bloc coming together and its potential for influencing his plans. He accordingly paid a visit to the Turkish prime minister on June 24 for a preliminary testing of the water to see where the Palestinians could fit in and for what profit.
The Palestinian leader came away with a tough dilemma: If he pushes ahead with his plan for UN recognition of a Palestinian state in September, he will have to contend with a powerful bloc led by the US, Turkey, Greece and Israel plus 40 other nations determined to drown his initiative like the "freedom flotilla."
His other option is to abandon his UN plan and see if he can't cadge a ride on the US-Turkish alliance along with Israel and Greece.
A decision by Abbas to give up his unilateral application to the UN would not only underline the effectiveness of the new alliance's pre-emptive freeze on the flotilla but also dash the hopes of the Netanyahu government's ill-wishers – at home and abroad – who counted on the UN ploy for raising a storm of instability to drown the Israeli prime minister for good.

Justice and stability not mutually exclusive: Clinton
July 01, 2011 /The Daily Star
BEIRUT: Those who oppose the Special Tribunal for Lebanon are creating a false choice between achieving stability and justice, U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton said, calling on Prime Minister Najib Mikati’s government to uphold Lebanon’s international obligations.
“Those who oppose the Special Tribunal seek to create a false choice between justice and stability. Lebanon, like any country, needs and deserves both,” Clinton said in a statement published by the U.S. State Department Friday.
A three-member STL delegation Thursday handed over the indictment in the assassination of former Prime Minister Rafik Hariri in 2005 indicting four Lebanese, at least two of whom are believed to be Hezbollah members.
Clinton also called on Mikati’s Cabinet to uphold Lebanon’s international commitments, saying: “We call on the government of Lebanon to continue to meet its obligations under international law to support the Special Tribunal.”
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1757 established the STL in 2007, with Lebanon financing 51 percent of the expenses. The STL includes Lebanese and international judges.
Clinton described the delivery of the indictment as an important milestone toward justice and an end to a period of impunity for political violence in Lebanon.
“The Special Tribunal is an independent judicial entity … it represents a chance for Lebanon to move beyond its long history of political violence and to achieve the future of peace and stability that the Lebanese people deserve,” Clinton said.
“We understand that this is an emotional and significant period for all involved, and we call on all parties to promote calm and continue to respect the Special Tribunal as it carries out its duties in a professional and apolitical manner,” she added.
The Hezbollah-led March 8 alliance, which holds the majority in Mikati’s Cabinet, has called on the Lebanese government to withdraw its judges and cut off funding of the court which it has described as an American-Israel tool.

Analysis: Hezbollah poised to ride out indictments

By ELIZABETH A. KENNEDY, Associated Press
BEIRUT, Lebanon (AP) --
In a country with a history of scores left unsettled, Hezbollah is in a strong position to ride out an indictment accusing a high-ranking member of one of the most dramatic political assassinations in the Middle East.
The Shiite militant group has spent the past year laying the groundwork for thwarting any move to implement the all-but-inevitable indictment in the 2005 murder of former Prime Minister Rafik Hariri. It has warned to "cut off the hand" of anyone who tries to arrest its members and repeated cast doubt on tribunal's investigation.
The work appears to have paid off.
Since the Netherlands-based court released the indictments Thursday, there has been no real sign that Lebanese authorities are willing to arrest the four suspects, including Hezbollah militant Mustafa Badreddine. To do so, they would have to directly confront the Iran- and Syria-backed militant group that is firmly in control of the Lebanese state.
Hezbollah leader Sheik Hassan Nasrallah planned a speech Saturday to address the indictment.
The most prominent of the four people named in the indictment is Badreddine, who appears to have a storied history of militancy. He is suspected of building the powerful bomb that blew up the U.S. Marine barracks in Beirut in 1983, killing 241 Americans, mostly Marines, according to a federal law enforcement official and a book "Jawbreaker," by Gary Berntsen, a former official who ran the Hezbollah task force at the CIA.
He also is the brother-in-law of the late Hezbollah military commander Imad Mughniyeh and is suspected of involvement in the 1983 bombings of the U.S. and French embassies in Kuwait that killed five people.
Hezbollah has always had serious muscle, boasting a guerrilla force that is better armed and stronger than the national army.
But the group has amassed unprecedented political clout in the government, having toppled the previous administration in January when then-Prime Minister Saad Hariri — the slain man's son — refused to renounce the tribunal investigating his father's death.
The new premier, Najib Mikati, was Hezbollah's pick for the post. He issued a vague promise Thursday that Lebanon would respect international resolutions as long as they did not threaten the civil peace.
The ambiguous wording leaves ample room to brush aside the arrest warrants if street battles are looming. The Cabinet is packed with Hezbollah allies, so there is little enthusiasm within the current leadership to press forward with the case.
And the indictments do indeed threaten to ignite fresh violence in Lebanon. In the six years since Hariri's death, the investigation has sharpened the country's sectarian divisions — Rafik Hariri was one of Lebanon's most powerful Sunni leaders, while Hezbollah is a Shiite group. It has also heightened other intractable debates, including the question of the role of Hezbollah — and its vast arsenal, which opponents want dismantled.
Walid Jumblatt, a Hezbollah ally and leader of the tiny Druse sect, warned Friday that the indictments could lead to new civil strife in Lebanon and painted the case as a matter of justice versus stability.
"As much as justice is important for the martyrs and the wounded, so too civil peace and stability is the hoped-for future," said Jumblatt, whose own father was a victim of a political assassination in Lebanon and who was once an ardent supporter of the tribunal before switching alliances. "Civil peace is more important than anything else."
He pointed to widespread fears that the case could further divide the country, which has been recovering from decades of bloodshed, including a 15-year civil war that ended in 1990 and more recent sectarian battles.
The younger Hariri and his allies, now relegated to the opposition, and the international court will likely push for action against the four. But there is little they can do to force the government to do so.
Lebanese authorities have until the end of July to serve the indictments on suspects or execute arrest warrants. If they fail, the court's recourse is to publish the indictment. Details in the indictment about the investigation into the killing — so far kept under wraps — might in theory prove embarrassing to Hezbollah, but the group is unlikely to be severely hurt by them.
While Jumblatt appeared to be offering a stark choice — either turn a blind eye to a dastardly crime, or run the risk of chaos — Hezbollah's leader has taken another tack.
Nasrallah has worked tirelessly to convince the Lebanese that the tribunal is not fit to deliver justice. For more than a year, he has gone on a media offensive against the tribunal, taking nearly every opportunity to call it biased, politicized and a tool of archenemy Israel.
He also said early on that he knew Hezbollah would be accused of the crime, a pre-emptive strike that dampened the impact of Thursday's indictment and bolstered his credentials as the man in charge in Lebanon.
*-Kennedy is the Associated Press chief of bureau for Syria and Lebanon

Syria Sends Tanks to Border Area Near Turkey, Holds Hundreds

Bloomberg June 30, 2011/ Bloomberg
Thursday, June 30, 2011
July 1 (Bloomberg) -- Syria's army carried out attacks on anti-government demonstrators near the border with Turkey and detained hundreds at rallies across the country today, a human- rights activist said.
At least 60 tanks were sent north to the border province of Idlib, part of a deployment that includes helicopters, Mahmoud Merhi, head of the Arab Organization for Human Rights, said by phone from Syria's capital, Damascus. At least 10 people were killed and as many as 50 wounded in Idlib in the past day in raids on the village of Rameh, with more deaths reported today in Halab, he said. The Associated Press put the total at 12.
Three people died during rallies in the central province of Homs today, Ammar Qurabi, head of the National Organization for Human Rights in Syria, said by phone from Cairo.
Security forces have killed more than 1,500 people since the start of the unrest, according Qurabi. U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton said today that President Bashar al-Assad is "running out of time" to meet protesters' demands. A U.S.- led effort to get the United Nations Security Council to condemn the violence was blocked by China and Russia.
Arrests have been carried out in the Damascus suburbs of Barzeh, Douma, Harasta and Kaswa, and in the governorate of Raqa, Merhi said, while demonstrators including female students were detained in the northern city of Aleppo, where protests continued today. In Daraa, the southern city where the rallies against Assad's rule began in mid-March, at least 200 people were held, Merhi said.
Protests numbered about 400,000 people in Hama and about 100,000 in Homs, with major protests also in other cities, he said.
National Dialogue
Critics of Assad's leadership met at a conference in Damascus this week, and his government set up a national dialogue committee. Most activists say such measures won't work without policy changes. Assad blamed the protests on a foreign conspiracy last week, while also saying that the demands of demonstrators "have merit" and that reforms are needed.
At least 20,000 people have been arrested since the start of the unrest, and half of them remain in detention, according to Qurabi.
Thousands of Syrians have fled across the border to Turkey to escape violence in northern towns, straining relations between the countries. About 10,500 refugees are currently staying in Turkish camps, Turkey's government said today. Turkish Foreign Minister Ahmet Davutoglu will visit Syria during a tour of the Middle East beginning this weekend, Turkey's state-run Anatolia news agency said.
More 'Resistance' Possible
Clinton said the Syrian government's actions so far aren't enough to begin a transition to democracy.
Assad's government can "allow a serious political process that will include peaceful protests to take place throughout Syria and engage in a productive dialogue with members of the opposition and civil society" or the government is "going to continue to see increasingly organized resistance," Clinton told reporters in Vilnius, Lithuania.
The U.S. and its European allies accepted defeat yesterday in their latest effort at the UN to pressure Assad to halt his crackdown.
Russia led opposition that stripped U.S.-drafted language critical of the Assad regime from a Security Council resolution renewing the mandate of the UN peacekeeping mission on the Golan Heights. Russia, China, Brazil, India and South Africa have blocked adoption of a draft resolution that would condemn the attacks and demand an immediate end to the Syrian violence.
--With assistance from Bill Varner at the United Nations, Vivian Salama in Dubai, Emre Peker in Ankara and Nicole Gaouette in Vilnius, Lithuania. Editors: Ben Holland, Heather Langan, Karl Maier, Andrew Atkinson

Patriarch Rai: Don’t call Christians minorities
July 02, 2011/The Daily Star
BEIRUT: The Maronite patriarch said Friday that he rejected references to Christians in Lebanon as “minorities.” “Minorities do not exist. We are cells in the Lebanese body from which this [Lebanese social] fabric is formed,” Patriarch Beshara Rai said.
He noted that a synod convened at the Vatican last year to study the situation of Christians in the Levant “reminds us of our nationality and role and how we should live with our brothers in the Arab nations.” “Once we recognize the meaning of our identity and go back to our roots, we will find a role for our message,” Rai added.

UN, US pressure Lebanon to make arrest over Hariri assassination

Ferry Biedermann /The National
July 2, 2011
The United Nations, the United States and an international court yesterday all urged Lebanon's government to act on arrest warrants in the murder of former prime minister Rafiq Hariri.
The UN-sponsored Special Tribunal for Lebanon (STL) issued the warrants on Thursday against four Lebanese men - two of them confirmed Hizbollah members - implicated in the 2005 assassination. Lebanon's prosecutor said yesterday that he is taking steps to comply.
"The legal measures to execute the arrest warrants handed over by the international tribunal delegation took their course towards implementation," prosecutor Saeed Mirza was quoted as telling Lebanon's National New Agency.
But it seemed unlikely the men would be handed over soon, if ever. Their whereabouts is unknown and Hizbollah's leader, Hassan Nasrallah, has previously vowed not to hand over any of the group's members. Mr Nasrallah will address the indictments in a speech today. The Shiite group denies any role in the killing.
The Lebanese government is caught between Hizbollah, a powerful political and military force, and western powers, which could impose economic sanctions if the warrants are ignored.
Lebanese analyst Michael Young, who also contributes to The National, thinks there is little chance that the suspects will be handed over.
"I believe that Hizbollah is not going to react in a positive way to the STL's request." And he doubts the international community will get tough with Lebanon. "The Security Council cannot even agree on a resolution on Syria, where people are being killed by the regime. So, what are the chances they'll act against Lebanon?" he said.
Nonetheless, the international pressure has been applied swiftly.
"We call on the government of Lebanon to continue to meet its obligations under international law to support the Special Tribunal," the US secretary of state, Hillary Clinton, said in a statement yesterday.
Mrs Clinton called the indictments "an important milestone" that offered "a chance for Lebanon to move beyond its long history of political violence and to achieve the future of peace and stability that the Lebanese people deserve".
A spokesperson for the UN's secretary-general, Ban Ki-moon said yesterday: "The secretary general calls on all states to support the independent judicial process, in particular by co-operating with the Special Tribunal in the execution of the indictment and arrest warrants."
The STL's prosecutor, Daniel Bellemare, issued a similar statement. "Bringing the accused to justice will require adherence to the rule of law, the continued co-operation of the Lebanese authorities, and support of the international community."
This puts Najib Mikati, Lebanon's new prime minister, in a difficult position as his coalition is dominated by Hizbollah and its allies. They brought down a unity government led by Mr Hariri's son Saad in January over the issue of co-operation with the UN-backed tribunal.
In an apparent attempt to deflect the pressure, Mr Mikati said in an interview published in the As-Safir daily newspaper that primary responsibility for the indictments rests with the country's judiciary. He said that the follow-up "falls on Prosecutor General Said Mirza, not the cabinet".
He also indicated that national unity and stability are his priority. "We don't want to create a state of panic and tension in the country over an international resolution."
He said that he did not believe the STL indictments would lead to renewed strife. In 2008, Hizbollah attacked its political opponents and took over parts of Beirut in violent clashes.
The Future Movement, led by Saad Hariri, has said that it will press for the suspects to be handed over. "If Hizbollah does not co-operate over the indictment, then we will refer to domestic and international options," one of the party's officials told the Al-Akhbar newspaper.
The tribunal has taken into account that the government may not serve the warrants or make arrests.
The tribunal noted that if no arrests have been made within 30 days, it can advertise the warrants itself in the media. And, if the men are not in custody within a further 30 days, the court can consider initiating in absentia proceedings. "The Trial Chamber will then determine whether the accused is trying to avoid trial or if the accused is unable to attend," according to a STL statement.
If a trial in absentia proceeds, the accused will be represented by court appointed lawyers. Their absence will not stop evidence that is potentially embarrassing to Hizbollah from emerging during the trial.
The consequences for Lebanon if it fails to co-operate are unclear. It may be that the country can avoid a conflict with the international community if the suspects simply cannot be found or appear to have left the country. But even that may be unacceptable to Hizbollah.
A key Hezbollah ally yesterday warned that the indictments could lead to new civil strife. The Druse leader Walid Jumblatt called for stability over justice. He pointed to widespread fears that the case could further divide the country, which has been recovering from decades of bloodshed, including a 15-year civil war that ended in 1990 and recent sectarian battles.
"As much as justice is important for the martyrs and the wounded, so too civil peace and stability is the hoped-for future," he said at a news conference yesterday. "Civil peace is more important than anything else."
The STL made clear in a statement yesterday that its investigation was not complete. "The prosecutor can submit additional indictments to the Pre-Trial Judge at any stage."
foreign.desk@thenatioal.ae
* With additional reporting by the Associated Press and Agence France-Press

Abboud hopes tourism stays immune to tension
July 02, 2011/The Daily Star
BEIRUT: Lebanon’s tourism minister Friday urged politicians to refrain from spreading political rumors in Gulf media, saying this could harm the influx of tourism from the region.
Fadi Abboud also expressed his hope that the tourism sector, one of the country’s most lucrative, will be cushioned from political tension.
“I hope that tourism remains immune to any political tensions because it represents 20 percent of the national income,” Abboud told Voice of Lebanon radio station. “I call on politicians not to spread false rumors, especially in the Gulf media, which describe the situation in Lebanon as critical.”
The majority of Lebanon’s tourists come from countries in the Gulf, including Saudi Arabia, the UAE and Kuwait. According to figures released by Global Blue, the VAT refund operator for international shoppers, Saudis were the biggest spending visitors to the country in the first five months of 2011.
Abboud’s comments came a day after a three-member Special Tribunal for Lebanon delegation handed over its indictment to state prosecutor Saeed Mirza.
Political tension is expected to mount following the leak that four Hezbollah members are suspects in the 2005 assassination of former Prime Minister Rafik Hariri, but Abboud said the delivery of the indictment would not affect Lebanon’s security.
“The security situation is stable … no one should drag the Lebanese into any tension, especially as the indictment was issued by the international court,” Abboud said. “It is better that the indictment was released during this time rather than in the middle of the [summer] season or end.”
Regional turmoil and the domestic political paralysis that gripped the country for the first six months of the year have taken their toll on the tourism sector. Figures showed that spending in the sector regressed in the first five months of 2011 and the hotel sector has the second lowest occupancy rate among 16 Arab cities, according to a report released by Byblos Bank.
On the same day, Abboud took a tour in Mlita, south Lebanon, and emphasized the need to build hotels in that area in order to allow tourists from all over the world to come and visit it. “The security situation in Lebanon is stable now and we are waiting for tourists to come and visit Mlita, not just Beirut, Aley and Bhamdoun,” he said.
Abboud also paid a visit to Jezzine.

In Syria, Two Different Flavors Of Street Protests
by Deborah Amos/NPR
July 1, 2011
Secretary of State Hillary Clinton warned Friday that Syria is running out of time to reform. Her remarks, on a visit to Lithuania, came as hundreds of thousands of Syrians took to the streets in competing demonstrations — many on the pro-government side. But opposition protests were the largest yet, as army and security forces appear to have withdrawn from some provincial cities.
Pro-Government Rallies in Damascus
Downtown Damascus was a sea of flags and high school bands and families Friday night — all to show support for President Bashar al-Assad. The day was officially called National Unity Day, but despite this mass rally in the capital, the country is far from united.
After 15 straight weeks of protests, the opposition also claimed the largest demonstration yet. The biggest turnout was in Hama, north of Damascus. The security police and the army withdrew from Hama three weeks ago. Even the traffic police are gone, said Omar Habab, who spoke to NPR by phone.
"As soon as the protest ended our youth cleaned the streets," Habab says. "Even removing the cigarette butts. The residents have been running the city since government security pulled out."
There were reports of clashes and deaths in demonstrations elsewhere in the country. But in Damascus, one particular hot spot had a peaceful day.
Government escorts took a group of western journalist to the neighborhood of Barzeh. They warned that it might be dangerous here after Friday prayers — they said protesters were often armed with knives and guns.
But these young men were only armed with banners and a determination to oust the regime, says a man named Samir. His face was wrapped in a scarf and he wouldn't give his last name.
"Syrian television says that all the people of Syria love Bashar al-Assad, but we don't love him at all," he says.
Just a week ago, Barzeh was a violent place; there are fresh bullet holes along the walls. At least four protesters died here, according to an eyewitness. He whispered an account of live fire from the security police. All this week, he says, police have come to Barzeh late at night to arrest protesters. Hossam Rajab was on the street.
"We need our freedom," Rajab says. "We have some arrested — why they kill us — only we need freedom."
He says he's been on the streets for 15 weeks.
"Yes, yes, every night if you come here, we are here," he says. He adds that the protest was peaceful because Western journalists were present.
Protests Mostly Peaceful
The security police stayed out of sight Friday, their vans and buses parked a few blocks away. It appears to be a new policy for the Syrian government in some places. Officials said peaceful protests would be permitted as long as no property was damaged.
Hamid and Reem Abdullah, a Syrian-American couple visiting Barzeh this summer, say the protests have been peaceful all along.
"We've seen a bunch of demonstrations, mostly peaceful, if not all. This is not a little number — it is very peaceful," Reem says.
The protests continued peacefully for a few more hours Friday. About 300 young men held up their banners, chanted for the downfall of the regime — and sang — "nothing lasts forever," and went back home.

Excerpts from the Mikati government’s policy statement
July 02, 2011 / The Daily Star
BEIRUT: The following are excerpts from the policy statement of Prime Minister Najib Mikati’ s government.
On the state’s authority and civil peace:The government emphasizes its adherence to the principle of the state’s unity and its authority in all matters concerning the country’s public policy so as to preserve Lebanon and its national sovereignty.
These pillars, along with the constitution, are the guidelines that will inspire our government to consolidate civil peace and prevent any form of manipulation of civil peace and security.
This mission … is the responsibility of legitimate national army and Internal Security Forces alone, and no other weapons will share this responsibility with the legitimate (national army and internal security) arms.
Therefore, the Cabinet commits to maintaining its support for the national army and security forces as well as to providing them with equipment to be able to fulfill their tasks … On Israeli occupation:The government is committed to working on ending Israeli occupation in remaining Lebanese occupied territories … [and] Israeli aggressive practices and spying operations that violate Lebanon’s sovereignty, independence and territorial integrity.
The government adheres to the right of Lebanon through its people, army and resistance to liberate and recover the Shebaa Farms, Kfar Shuba Hills and the Lebanese portion of the village of Ghajar, as well as to defend Lebanon in confronting any aggression through all legitimate and accessible means and to retain its right to use its water and oil resources and to consolidate its maritime borders.
On United Nations Security Council Resolution 1701:The government also confirms its commitment to U.N. Security Council Resolution 1701 in all its articles and appeals to the United Nations to halt permanent Israeli violations and threats to Lebanon’s territorial integrity and sovereignty in order to fulfill the implementation of the resolution and move from stopping aggressive actions to reaching a permanent cease-fire.
On ties with Syria:The government notes the development that has been achieved in Syrian-Lebanese ties through reciprocal diplomatic missions and stressed its adherence to implementing the Taif Accord, which stated the establishment of special relations between Lebanon and Syria, and the government will work so that relations between the two reach the level that reflects the depth of historical ties and the mutual interests between the two peoples in a framework of trust, equality and mutual respect …
On the Palestinians:The government reiterates the demands for implementation of international resolutions that protect Palestinians’ rights, including the right to return and to build an independent state with Jerusalem as its capital.
The government affirms the right of return and fully rejects the permanent settlement of Palestinians. The government will provide Palestinians in Lebanon their humanitarian and social rights, and implement laws in this regard and care for refugee camps especially Nahr al-Bared, to rebuild it and provide them with the necessary funding from regional and international contributions.
The government will seek a strengthening of the budget within UNRWA to help the organization play its humanitarian role regarding the Palestinians.On the Special Tribunal for Lebanon:Our government respects international resolutions, thus it is keen to reveal and expose the truth regarding the crime of the assassination of martyr Prime Minister Rafik Hariri and his companions.
The government will follow the path of the Special Tribunal for Lebanon, which was initially established to achieve righteousness and justice, without politicization or revenge, and without any negative impact on Lebanon’s stability, unity and civil peace.
On parliamentary elections:It will be one of the priorities of this government to launch a national workshop to prepare a new parliamentary election law that is appropriate and that meets the aspirations of Lebanese to achieve true and fair political representation.
The reform programs that were put forward in the past and which covered … proportional representation shall undergo thorough study and the government will work to speed up the necessary steps … in order for the law to be implemented within a timeframe of no more than one year prior to the date of the 2013 parliamentary polls.
On the judiciary:Our government considers an independent judiciary as the [institution] that protects all citizens. Therefore, the Cabinet is keen to revive trust in this legal body, as well as the trust of the people in it. The government will coordinate with Parliament in order to boost the financial situation of judges. The government will also prevent interference in judicial work and allow judges to carry out their duties in order to apprehend corrupt individuals. The Cabinet will increase the number of judges and speed up legal procedures …
 

For Lebanon, the truth is a poisoned chalice
Charles Glass /The National
Jul 2, 2011
When the former Lebanese prime minister Rafiq Hariri was assassinated on February 14, 2005, at least one million citizens massed in the centre of Beirut to demand al haqiqa, the truth. For the previous 20 years, Lebanese of all backgrounds had been killed with impunity. They included the Druze chieftain Kamal Jumblatt, the Maronite president-elect Bashir Gemayel and the Hizbollah secretary general Abbas Musawi. But most of the victims of warfare, assassination, massacre and random violence were ordinary Lebanese and Palestinians. No one was brought to justice for their deaths, and the criminals behind the crimes were either unknown or known but untouchable. The killing in 2005 of a popular prime minister who embodied the country's demand for independence pushed most Lebanese to the breaking point. Hence, their demand to know the Truth.
That was six years ago. The lust for truth has since cooled. The Truth, and more importantly acting on the Truth, will have consequences. One of these may be to tear the country apart. When the Special Tribunal for Lebanon presented its indictment of four Lebanese, two of whom are senior officials of the Hizbollah movement, to the country's state prosecutor on Thursday, it handed Lebanon a chalice that may poison the country whether it drinks or not.
The Special Tribunal accused Mustafa Badreddine, who inherited his brother-in-law Imad Mughnieh's post as Hizbollah operational chief after Mughnieh's assassination in 2008, and Salim Ayyash, also a Hizbollah official. (Ayyash has the added distinction, alongside many other Lebanese, of holding a United States passport.) The two other indictees, Asad Sabra and Hasan Ainessi, may or may not belong to Hizbollah. Although the Special Tribunal's representatives delivered the 130-page indictment to the state prosecutor Saeed Mirza, the decision to serve or not to serve them on the accused rests not with Mr Mirza, but with the Hizbollah leader Hassan Nasrallah.
Nasrallah's Hizbollah ministers were part of the government that initially demanded the establishment of the Special Tribunal for Lebanon at The Hague. At first, the only Lebanese who came under suspicion were four army generals who had been under the direct control of the Syrian military and security apparatus. (Syria had occupied Lebanon since 1976, but it withdrew reluctantly in April 2005 as a result of Lebanese demands and international pressure.) In the past year, however, tribunal leaks pointed more and more towards Hizbollah as part of the plot to kill Hariri. Mr Nasrallah last year threatened to "cut off the hand" of anyone who arrested his party's members for Hariri's death. At the time, he insisted: "We will not accept any indictment to anyone in Hizbollah."
His increasing opposition to the tribunal led to a crisis in the Lebanese cabinet led by Hariri's son, Saad, in January this year. Hizbollah, part of the coalition that kept Hariri in power, withdrew its support. It eventually formed a government under another Sunni, Najib Mikati, that has yet to receive a vote of confidence from parliament. Mr Mikati himself attempted to downplay the indictments, saying that "these are accusations and not verdicts. All suspects are innocent until proven guilty."
Of course, the only forum to determine innocence or guilt is a court of law. To bring the accused to The Hague, they would have to turn themselves in or the Lebanese state must arrest them. Hizbollah, however, is stronger in terms of military force than the state. The choice confronting Hizbollah is whether to deploy that force in defence of its accused members or to support the state's legitimacy by allowing the four to stand trial. If it chooses the first, it will delegitimise not only the state but also Hizbollah's participation in it. If the latter, Hizbollah risks appearing weak in the face of what it regards as a conspiracy by Israel and the United States to discredit it with false charges of conspiracy to assassinate Hariri.
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1757 of April 2005 allows the UN to propose economic sanctions against Lebanon if it does not comply. When Libya's Colonel Muammar Qaddafi similarly refused to arrest two intelligence agents for their alleged involvement in the bombing of Pan Am flight 101 over Lockerbie, Scotland, sanctions punished Libya so severely that he ultimately surrendered them to a Scottish court. Lebanon, which lacks Libya's oil resources and then-dictatorial hold over the population, is if anything more vulnerable to financial pressure than Qaddafi was. Next page

Syria: 'Hundreds of thousands' join anti-Assad protests

The BBC's Lina Sinjab in Damascus
Hundreds of thousands of people have taken part in anti-government protests across Syria, despite the ongoing crackdown on dissent, reports say.
hts activists said at least 14 people were killed by security forces.
People took the streets in the capital, Damascus, and in several cities and towns, in what the opposition described as the biggest demonstrations yet.
US Secretary of State Hillary Clinton has warned that time is running out for Syria's government to usher in reforms.
Speaking during a visit to Lithuania, she said President Bashar al-Assad would face more organised resistance to his 10-year rule unless the country saw "a genuine transition to democracy".
Human rights groups say more than 1,350 civilians and 350 security personnel have been killed since protests began in mid-March.
The government has blamed the protests on armed gangs.
Mr Assad has promised a national dialogue on political reforms, but many protesters are demanding that he stand down immediately.
'God, Syria, Bashar'
Hundreds of thousands of people attended demonstrations across Syria after Friday prayers. Some activists put the number of protesters at three million.
Hundreds of thousands are chanting 'Leave, leave, the people want the fall of the regime.' All of Hama is celebrating”
End Quote
Hama resident
About half a million were said to have joined the largest protest, in the central city of Hama, though that figure could not be confirmed.
One Hama resident told the BBC Arabic: "Hundreds of thousands are chanting 'Leave, leave, the people want the fall of the regime.'"
"All of Hama is celebrating. There are people chanting from their windows and from the fronts of their homes. All of Hama is on the streets today."
Hama was the scene of a brutal crackdown in 1982 ordered by Hafez al-Assad, the president's late father, which left at least 10,000 dead.
In Homs, to the south of Hama, six people were reportedly shot dead and several injured as government troops fired on protesters - armoured vehicles were deployed in the Bab Amr district of the city, activists said.
Two people were reportedly killed during a protest in the Damascus suburb of al-Qadam. Six others were killed in the north-western Idlib province, Darayya, outside Damascus, and also in the coastal town of Latakia, the activists added.
Mrs Clinton said she was "hurt" by reports of violence in Aleppo
At least 20 people were said to have been wounded in clashes with security forces after marching through the Midan district of Damascus and chanting: "Bashar out, Syria is free." Dozens were reportedly arrested across the country.
State television gave a different death toll, saying gunmen had killed one person in Damascus and two people in Homs, including a policeman.
The figures could not be independently verified as the Syrian authorities have banned most foreign media from the country.
Protests were also staged in Syria's second-largest city, Aleppo, where police fired tear gas, in the eastern city of Deir al-Zour, the north-eastern town of Amouda, and the southern town of Suweida.
State TV aired images of pro-government rallies in Aleppo It showed people waving national flags and chanting "God, Syria, Bashar, only."
'Genuine transition'
The Syrian Revolution 2011 group on Facebook had called on protesters to turn out after Friday prayers, with the message to Mr Assad: "We don't love you... Go away, you and your party."
Pro-government demonstrations were also held in Damascus and several other towns on Friday, with marchers saying they backed Mr Assad's pledges to reform.

Protests have spread to Aleppo, Syria's second city, activists say The latest anti-Assad protests follow the death of three more people overnight in the north-western region of Jabal al-Zawiyah, activists said - two in the town of al-Bara and one in the nearby village of Brim.
AFP also quoted activists as saying there had been explosions on Friday in the coastal city of Latakia.
Speaking earlier on Friday, Mrs Clinton said the Syrian authorities "know what they have to do".
"They must begin a genuine transition to democracy and allowing one meeting of the opposition in Damascus is not sufficient action toward achieving that goal," she said.
''It is absolutely clear that the Syrian government is running out of time.
"They are either going to allow a serious political process that will include peaceful protests to take place throughout Syria and engage in a productive dialogue with members of the opposition and civil society, or they're going to continue to see increasingly organised resistance."